Preparing for Surgery

 

A common question is what can be done to prepare for surgery and get the best result possible.  Your first step is to come prepared for your pre operative visit with plenty of questions and make sure you are aware of everything that will happen during your surgery and recovery.  Make sure to attend your preoperative total joint class and your visit with the anesthesia department.  Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet with plenty of protein prior to surgery. Take your medications as instructed and hold medication that could interfere with surgery.  And most importantly, ask questions!

Preparing for Hip or Knee Replacement Surgery

Hip and knee replacement surgeries are among the most successful procedures in orthopedic medicine. Proper preparation in the weeks and days leading up to your surgery can significantly improve your outcome, reduce your risk of complications, and speed your recovery.

Medical Preparation

Schedule a pre-operative physical exam with your primary care physician to ensure you are medically cleared for surgery. Inform your doctor of all medications you are taking, including blood thinners, anti-inflammatory drugs, and supplements. You may be asked to stop certain medications — such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or blood thinners — up to two weeks before your procedure. If you have diabetes, heart disease, or other chronic conditions, work with your specialist to optimize your health before surgery. You will also meet with the anesthesia team to discuss your anesthesia options and review your medical history.

Nutrition and Physical Fitness

Good nutrition is essential for healing after surgery. Eat a balanced diet rich in protein, vitamins C and D, and calcium in the weeks before your procedure to support bone and tissue repair. If you are overweight, losing even a small amount of weight beforehand can reduce stress on your new joint and lower the risk of complications. Staying active with low-impact exercises such as swimming, cycling, or walking helps build the strength and flexibility you will need for a faster recovery. Your surgeon may refer you to a physical therapist for pre-operative exercises — often called “prehabilitation” — specifically designed to strengthen the muscles around your hip or knee.

Preparing Your Home

Setting up your home before surgery will make your recovery much easier and safer. Remove trip hazards such as loose rugs, electrical cords, and clutter from walkways. Install grab bars in your bathroom near the toilet and in the shower or tub. Consider a raised toilet seat and a shower chair or bench. Arrange your most frequently used items — medications, phone, TV remote, and daily essentials — within easy reach so you do not have to bend or stretch excessively. If your bedroom is upstairs, you may want to temporarily set up a sleeping area on the ground floor. Have a recliner or firm chair with armrests available, as these are easier to get in and out of than sofas or low chairs.

Planning for Your Recovery

Arrange for a trusted family member or friend to drive you home after surgery and to assist you during the first few days of recovery. Most patients need help with cooking, bathing, and getting around for at least the first one to two weeks. You may need assistance for four to six weeks depending on your recovery progress. Plan your time off from work in advance — most patients take four to six weeks off, though this depends on the nature of your job. If you have pets, arrange for their care ahead of time, as bending, lifting, and sudden movements should be avoided early in recovery. It is also a good idea to prepare or freeze meals in advance so nutritious food is easy to access when you return home.

The Day Before and Day of Surgery

Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the night before your surgery unless instructed otherwise by your surgical team. Shower the night before and the morning of surgery using the antiseptic soap provided by your care team to reduce the risk of infection. Wear loose, comfortable clothing that is easy to put on and take off — such as a button-front shirt and elastic-waist pants or shorts. Leave jewelry, valuables, and nail polish at home. Bring your insurance cards, a photo ID, and a list of your current medications. Arrange for someone to be with you at the hospital on the day of your procedure and to take you home, as you will not be able to drive yourself.